Those methods now only allow modifying snapshots. Internal data types
used by the repository are now read-only. The repository-internal code
can bypass the restrictions by wrapping the repository in an
`internalRepository` type.
The restriction itself is implemented by using a new datatype
WriteableFileType in the SaveUnpacked and RemoveUnpacked methods. This
statically ensures that code cannot bypass the access restrictions.
The test changes are somewhat noisy as some of them modify repository
internals and therefore require some way to bypass the access
restrictions. This works by capturing an `internalRepository` or
`Backend` when creating the Repository using a test helper function.
One place where IDSet.Clone is useful was reinventing it, using a
conversion to list, a sort, and a conversion back to map.
Also, use the stdlib "maps" package to implement as much of IDSet as
possible. This requires changing one caller, which assumed that cloning
nil would return a non-nil IDSet.
