diff --git a/minimal-examples/README.md b/minimal-examples/README.md
index e4fc7515..525ad1ea 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/README.md
+++ b/minimal-examples/README.md
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 |name|demonstrates|
 ---|---
-http-server|Minimal examples providing an http server
-ws-server|Minimal examples providing a ws server (and an http server)
-http-client|Minimal examples providing an http client
-ws-client|Minimal examples providing a ws client
 client-server|Minimal examples providing client and server connections simultaneously
+http-client|Minimal examples providing an http client
+http-server|Minimal examples providing an http server
+raw|Minimal examples related to adopting raw file or socket descriptors into the event loop
+ws-client|Minimal examples providing a ws client
+ws-server|Minimal examples providing a ws server (and an http server)
 
 ## FAQ
 
diff --git a/minimal-examples/client-server/minimal-ws-proxy/minimal-ws-proxy.c b/minimal-examples/client-server/minimal-ws-proxy/minimal-ws-proxy.c
index 2227b7d3..6ca0052b 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/client-server/minimal-ws-proxy/minimal-ws-proxy.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/client-server/minimal-ws-proxy/minimal-ws-proxy.c
@@ -70,8 +70,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	info.mounts = &mount;
 	info.protocols = protocols;
 
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
-			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
 
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal ws proxy | visit http://localhost:7681\n");
 
diff --git a/minimal-examples/http-client/minimal-http-client/minimal-http-client.c b/minimal-examples/http-client/minimal-http-client/minimal-http-client.c
index 8e9ba0a4..ad19c0fe 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/http-client/minimal-http-client/minimal-http-client.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/http-client/minimal-http-client/minimal-http-client.c
@@ -95,8 +95,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	int n = 0;
 
 	signal(SIGINT, sigint_handler);
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
-			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal http client\n");
 
 	memset(&info, 0, sizeof info); /* otherwise uninitialized garbage */
diff --git a/minimal-examples/http-server/README.md b/minimal-examples/http-server/README.md
index 034e89d8..5c2fe266 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/http-server/README.md
+++ b/minimal-examples/http-server/README.md
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 |Example|Demonstrates|
 ---|---
-minimal-http-server|Serves a directory over http/1, custom 404 handler
-minimal-http-server-tls|Serves a directory over http/1 or http/2 with TLS (SSL), custom 404 handler
+minimal-http-server-dynamic|Serves both static and dynamically generated http content
 minimal-http-server-libuv|Same as minimal-http-server but libuv event loop
 minimal-http-server-multivhost|Same as minimal-http-server but three different vhosts
 minimal-http-server-smp|Multiple service threads
-minimal-http-server-dynamic|Serves both static and dynamically generated http content
+minimal-http-server-tls|Serves a directory over http/1 or http/2 with TLS (SSL), custom 404 handler
+minimal-http-server|Serves a directory over http/1, custom 404 handler
+
diff --git a/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-dynamic/minimal-http-server-dynamic.c b/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-dynamic/minimal-http-server-dynamic.c
index cf541f5c..088fab83 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-dynamic/minimal-http-server-dynamic.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-dynamic/minimal-http-server-dynamic.c
@@ -164,8 +164,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	info.protocols = protocols;
 	info.mounts = &mount;
 
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
-			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
 
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal http server dynamic | visit http://localhost:7681\n");
 
diff --git a/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-libuv/minimal-http-server.c b/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-libuv/minimal-http-server.c
index bb666f99..81a2d1f1 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-libuv/minimal-http-server.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-libuv/minimal-http-server.c
@@ -65,8 +65,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	info.error_document_404 = "/404.html";
 	info.options = LWS_SERVER_OPTION_LIBUV;
 
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
-			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
 
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal http server libuv | visit http://localhost:7681\n");
 
diff --git a/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-multivhost/minimal-http-server.c b/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-multivhost/minimal-http-server.c
index d73ac729..3507ede7 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-multivhost/minimal-http-server.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-multivhost/minimal-http-server.c
@@ -91,8 +91,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	memset(&info, 0, sizeof info); /* otherwise uninitialized garbage */
 	info.options = LWS_SERVER_OPTION_EXPLICIT_VHOSTS;
 
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
-			  /* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
 
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal http server-multivhost | visit http://localhost:7681 / 7682\n");
 
diff --git a/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-smp/minimal-http-server-smp.c b/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-smp/minimal-http-server-smp.c
index 417afb6f..d38c5d48 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-smp/minimal-http-server-smp.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-smp/minimal-http-server-smp.c
@@ -79,8 +79,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	// info.max_http_header_pool = 10;
 	info.count_threads = COUNT_THREADS;
 
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
-			  /* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
 
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal http server SMP | visit http://127.0.0.1:7681\n");
 
diff --git a/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-tls/minimal-http-server-tls.c b/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-tls/minimal-http-server-tls.c
index 7afd0ffd..c6a29565 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-tls/minimal-http-server-tls.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server-tls/minimal-http-server-tls.c
@@ -64,8 +64,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	info.ssl_cert_filepath = "localhost-100y.cert";
 	info.ssl_private_key_filepath = "localhost-100y.key";
 
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
-			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
 
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal http server TLS | visit https://localhost:7681\n");
 
diff --git a/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server/minimal-http-server.c b/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server/minimal-http-server.c
index e82cd3b3..5ad28fd5 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server/minimal-http-server.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/http-server/minimal-http-server/minimal-http-server.c
@@ -57,7 +57,12 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	info.mounts = &mount;
 	info.error_document_404 = "/404.html";
 
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
 			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
 
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal http server | visit http://localhost:7681\n");
diff --git a/minimal-examples/raw/README.md b/minimal-examples/raw/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c076566e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/minimal-examples/raw/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+|name|demonstrates|
+---|---
+minimal-raw-file|Shows how to adopt a file descriptor (device node, fifo, file, etc) into the lws event loop and handle events
diff --git a/minimal-examples/raw/minimal-raw-file/CMakeLists.txt b/minimal-examples/raw/minimal-raw-file/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dc0f8633
--- /dev/null
+++ b/minimal-examples/raw/minimal-raw-file/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
+include(CheckCSourceCompiles)
+
+set(SAMP lws-minimal-raw-file)
+set(SRCS minimal-raw-file.c)
+
+# If we are being built as part of lws, confirm current build config supports
+# reqconfig, else skip building ourselves.
+#
+# If we are being built externally, confirm installed lws was configured to
+# support reqconfig, else error out with a helpful message about the problem.
+#
+MACRO(require_lws_config reqconfig _val result)
+
+	if (DEFINED ${reqconfig})
+	if (${reqconfig})
+		set (rq 1)
+	else()
+		set (rq 0)
+	endif()
+	else()
+		set(rq 0)
+	endif()
+
+	if (${_val} EQUAL ${rq})
+		set(SAME 1)
+	else()
+		set(SAME 0)
+	endif()
+
+	if (LWS_WITH_MINIMAL_EXAMPLES AND NOT ${SAME})
+		if (${_val})
+			message("${SAMP}: skipping as lws being built without ${reqconfig}")
+		else()
+			message("${SAMP}: skipping as lws built with ${reqconfig}")
+		endif()
+		set(${result} 0)
+	else()
+		if (LWS_WITH_MINIMAL_EXAMPLES)
+			set(MET ${SAME})
+		else()
+			CHECK_C_SOURCE_COMPILES("#include <libwebsockets.h>\nint main(void) {\n#if defined(${reqconfig})\n return 0;\n#else\n fail;\n#endif\n return 0;\n}\n" HAS_${reqconfig})
+			if (NOT DEFINED HAS_${reqconfig} OR NOT HAS_${reqconfig})
+				set(HAS_${reqconfig} 0)
+			else()
+				set(HAS_${reqconfig} 1)
+			endif()
+			if ((HAS_${reqconfig} AND ${_val}) OR (NOT HAS_${reqconfig} AND NOT ${_val}))
+				set(MET 1)
+			else()
+				set(MET 0)
+			endif()
+		endif()
+		if (NOT MET)
+			if (${_val})
+				message(FATAL_ERROR "This project requires lws must have been configured with ${reqconfig}")
+			else()
+				message(FATAL_ERROR "Lws configuration of ${reqconfig} is incompatible with this project")
+			endif()
+		endif()
+	
+	endif()
+ENDMACRO()
+
+set(requirements 1)
+require_lws_config(LWS_WITHOUT_SERVER 0 requirements)
+
+if (requirements)
+	add_executable(${SAMP} ${SRCS})
+
+	if (websockets_shared)
+		target_link_libraries(${SAMP} websockets_shared)
+		add_dependencies(${SAMP} websockets_shared)
+	else()
+		target_link_libraries(${SAMP} websockets)
+	endif()
+endif()
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/minimal-examples/raw/minimal-raw-file/README.md b/minimal-examples/raw/minimal-raw-file/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3d18c928
--- /dev/null
+++ b/minimal-examples/raw/minimal-raw-file/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# lws minimal ws server
+
+This demonstrates adopting a file descriptor into the lws event
+loop.  The filepath is given as an argument to the example app, eg
+
+```
+ $ ./lws-minimal-raw-file <file>
+```
+
+On a Linux system, some example files might be
+
+ - /proc/self/fd/0      (stdin)
+ - /dev/ttyUSB0         (a USB <-> serial converter)
+ - /dev/input/event<n>  (needs root... input device events)
+
+The example application opens the file in the protocol init
+handler, and hexdumps data from the file to the lws log
+as it becomes available.
+
+This isn't very useful standalone as shown here for clarity, but you can
+freely combine raw file descriptor adoption with other lws server
+and client features.
+
+Becuase raw file events have their own callback, the handlers can
+be integrated in a single protocol that also handles http and ws
+server and client callbacks without conflict.
+
+## build
+
+```
+ $ cmake . && make
+```
+
+## usage
+
+```
+ $ ./lws-minimal-raw-file /proc/self/fd/0
+[2018/03/22 10:48:53:9709] USER: LWS minimal raw file
+[2018/03/22 10:48:53:9876] NOTICE: Creating Vhost 'default' port -2, 1 protocols, IPv6 off
+[2018/03/22 10:48:55:0037] NOTICE: LWS_CALLBACK_RAW_ADOPT_FILE
+
+[2018/03/22 10:48:55:9370] NOTICE: LWS_CALLBACK_RAW_RX_FILE
+[2018/03/22 10:48:55:9377] NOTICE: 
+[2018/03/22 10:48:55:9408] NOTICE: 0000: 0A                                                 .               
+
+```
+
+The example logs above show the result of typing the Enter key.
diff --git a/minimal-examples/raw/minimal-raw-file/minimal-raw-file.c b/minimal-examples/raw/minimal-raw-file/minimal-raw-file.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..be3e74d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/minimal-examples/raw/minimal-raw-file/minimal-raw-file.c
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+/*
+ * lws-minimal-raw-file
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 Andy Green <andy@warmcat.com>
+ *
+ * This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0
+ * Universal Public Domain Dedication.
+ *
+ * This demonstrates adopting a file descriptor into the lws event
+ * loop.
+ */
+
+#include <libwebsockets.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+struct raw_vhd {
+	lws_sock_file_fd_type u;
+};
+
+static char filepath[256];
+
+static int
+callback_raw_test(struct lws *wsi, enum lws_callback_reasons reason,
+			void *user, void *in, size_t len)
+{
+	struct raw_vhd *vhd = (struct raw_vhd *)lws_protocol_vh_priv_get(
+				     lws_get_vhost(wsi), lws_get_protocol(wsi));
+	uint8_t buf[1024];
+	int n;
+
+	switch (reason) {
+	case LWS_CALLBACK_PROTOCOL_INIT:
+		vhd = lws_protocol_vh_priv_zalloc(lws_get_vhost(wsi),
+				lws_get_protocol(wsi), sizeof(struct raw_vhd));
+		vhd->u.filefd = open(filepath, O_RDWR);
+		if (vhd->u.filefd == -1) {
+			lwsl_err("Unable to open %s\n", filepath);
+
+			return 1;
+		}
+		if (!lws_adopt_descriptor_vhost(lws_get_vhost(wsi),
+						LWS_ADOPT_RAW_FILE_DESC, vhd->u,
+						"raw-test", NULL)) {
+			lwsl_err("Failed to adopt fifo descriptor\n");
+			close(vhd->u.filefd);
+			vhd->u.filefd = -1;
+
+			return 1;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case LWS_CALLBACK_PROTOCOL_DESTROY:
+		if (vhd->u.filefd != -1)
+			close(vhd->u.filefd);
+		break;
+
+	/* callbacks related to raw file descriptor */
+
+	case LWS_CALLBACK_RAW_ADOPT_FILE:
+		lwsl_notice("LWS_CALLBACK_RAW_ADOPT_FILE\n");
+		break;
+
+	case LWS_CALLBACK_RAW_RX_FILE:
+		lwsl_notice("LWS_CALLBACK_RAW_RX_FILE\n");
+		n = read(vhd->u.filefd, buf, sizeof(buf));
+		if (n < 0) {
+			lwsl_err("Reading from %s failed\n", filepath);
+
+			return 1;
+		}
+		lwsl_hexdump_level(LLL_NOTICE, buf, n);
+		break;
+
+	case LWS_CALLBACK_RAW_CLOSE_FILE:
+		lwsl_notice("LWS_CALLBACK_RAW_CLOSE_FILE\n");
+		break;
+
+	case LWS_CALLBACK_RAW_WRITEABLE_FILE:
+		lwsl_notice("LWS_CALLBACK_RAW_WRITEABLE_FILE\n");
+		/*
+		 * you can call lws_callback_on_writable() on a raw file wsi as
+		 * usual, and then write directly into the raw filefd here.
+		 */
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct lws_protocols protocols[] = {
+	{ "raw-test", callback_raw_test, 0, 0 },
+	{ NULL, NULL, 0, 0 } /* terminator */
+};
+
+static int interrupted;
+
+void sigint_handler(int sig)
+{
+	interrupted = 1;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	struct lws_context_creation_info info;
+	struct lws_context *context;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	signal(SIGINT, sigint_handler);
+
+	memset(&info, 0, sizeof info); /* otherwise uninitialized garbage */
+	info.port = CONTEXT_PORT_NO_LISTEN_SERVER; /* no listen socket for demo */
+	info.protocols = protocols;
+
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+
+	lwsl_user("LWS minimal raw file\n");
+	if (argc < 2) {
+		lwsl_user("Usage: %s <file to monitor>  "
+			  " eg, /dev/ttyUSB0 or /dev/input/event0 or "
+			  "/proc/self/fd/0\n", argv[0]);
+
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	lws_strncpy(filepath, argv[1], sizeof(filepath));
+
+	context = lws_create_context(&info);
+	if (!context) {
+		lwsl_err("lws init failed\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	while (n >= 0 && !interrupted)
+		n = lws_service(context, 1000);
+
+	lws_context_destroy(context);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/minimal-examples/ws-client/minimal-ws-client-rx/minimal-ws-client.c b/minimal-examples/ws-client/minimal-ws-client-rx/minimal-ws-client.c
index d4aee31d..1ae557f4 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/ws-client/minimal-ws-client-rx/minimal-ws-client.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/ws-client/minimal-ws-client-rx/minimal-ws-client.c
@@ -78,8 +78,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	signal(SIGINT, sigint_handler);
 
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
-			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal ws client rx\n");
 
 	memset(&info, 0, sizeof info); /* otherwise uninitialized garbage */
diff --git a/minimal-examples/ws-client/minimal-ws-client-tx/minimal-ws-client.c b/minimal-examples/ws-client/minimal-ws-client-tx/minimal-ws-client.c
index 4a925416..98a16bee 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/ws-client/minimal-ws-client-tx/minimal-ws-client.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/ws-client/minimal-ws-client-tx/minimal-ws-client.c
@@ -294,8 +294,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	signal(SIGINT, sigint_handler);
 
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
-			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal ws client tx\n");
 	lwsl_user("  Run minimal-ws-broker and browse to that\n");
 
diff --git a/minimal-examples/ws-server/README.md b/minimal-examples/ws-server/README.md
index 0112d625..8781b9d9 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/ws-server/README.md
+++ b/minimal-examples/ws-server/README.md
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 |Example|Demonstrates|
 ---|---
-minimal-ws-server|Serves an index.html over http that opens a ws shared chat client in a browser
-minimal-ws-server-pmd|Simple ws server with permessage-deflate support
+minimal-ws-broker|Simple ws server with a publish / broker / subscribe architecture
 minimal-ws-server-pmd-bulk|Simple ws server showing how to pass bulk data with permessage-deflate
+minimal-ws-server-pmd|Simple ws server with permessage-deflate support
 minimal-ws-server-ring|Like minimal-ws-server but holds the chat in a multi-tail ringbuffer
 minimal-ws-server-threads|Simple ws server where data is produced by different threads
-minimal-ws-broker|Simple ws server with a publish / broker / subscribe architecture
+minimal-ws-server|Serves an index.html over http that opens a ws shared chat client in a browser
+
diff --git a/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-broker/minimal-ws-broker.c b/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-broker/minimal-ws-broker.c
index 481248ae..18ac0ba6 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-broker/minimal-ws-broker.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-broker/minimal-ws-broker.c
@@ -67,8 +67,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	info.mounts = &mount;
 	info.protocols = protocols;
 
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
-			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
 
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal ws broker | visit http://localhost:7681\n");
 
diff --git a/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-pmd-bulk/minimal-ws-server-pmd-bulk.c b/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-pmd-bulk/minimal-ws-server-pmd-bulk.c
index 6a1b7150..29e0d7a2 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-pmd-bulk/minimal-ws-server-pmd-bulk.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-pmd-bulk/minimal-ws-server-pmd-bulk.c
@@ -79,8 +79,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	info.extensions = extensions;
 	info.pt_serv_buf_size = 32 * 1024;
 
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
-			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
 
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal ws server + permessage-deflate | visit http://localhost:7681\n");
 
diff --git a/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-pmd/minimal-ws-server-pmd.c b/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-pmd/minimal-ws-server-pmd.c
index 1cd9b381..a36343d1 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-pmd/minimal-ws-server-pmd.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-pmd/minimal-ws-server-pmd.c
@@ -78,8 +78,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	info.protocols = protocols;
 	info.extensions = extensions;
 
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
-			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
 
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal ws server + permessage-deflate | visit http://localhost:7681\n");
 
diff --git a/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-ring/minimal-ws-server.c b/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-ring/minimal-ws-server.c
index d5f255d3..2762739b 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-ring/minimal-ws-server.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-ring/minimal-ws-server.c
@@ -67,8 +67,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	info.mounts = &mount;
 	info.protocols = protocols;
 
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
-			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
 
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal ws server (lws_ring) | visit http://localhost:7681\n");
 
diff --git a/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-threads/minimal-ws-server.c b/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-threads/minimal-ws-server.c
index c4f36574..0da7e386 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-threads/minimal-ws-server.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server-threads/minimal-ws-server.c
@@ -95,8 +95,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	info.protocols = protocols;
 	info.pvo = &pvo; /* per-vhost options */
 
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
-			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
 
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal ws server + threads | visit http://localhost:7681\n");
 
diff --git a/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server/minimal-ws-server.c b/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server/minimal-ws-server.c
index d5397c79..d22a7d7c 100644
--- a/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server/minimal-ws-server.c
+++ b/minimal-examples/ws-server/minimal-ws-server/minimal-ws-server.c
@@ -67,8 +67,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	info.mounts = &mount;
 	info.protocols = protocols;
 
-	lws_set_log_level(LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE | LLL_USER
-			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
+	lws_set_log_level(LLL_USER | LLL_ERR | LLL_WARN | LLL_NOTICE
+			/* for LLL_ verbosity above NOTICE to be built into lws,
+			 * lws must have been configured and built with
+			 * -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG instead of =RELEASE */
+			/* | LLL_INFO */ /* | LLL_PARSER */ /* | LLL_HEADER */
+			/* | LLL_EXT */ /* | LLL_CLIENT */ /* | LLL_LATENCY */
+			/* | LLL_DEBUG */, NULL);
 
 	lwsl_user("LWS minimal ws server | visit http://localhost:7681\n");
 
diff --git a/plugins/protocol_lws_raw_test.c b/plugins/protocol_lws_raw_test.c
index 0f991418..699d9c42 100644
--- a/plugins/protocol_lws_raw_test.c
+++ b/plugins/protocol_lws_raw_test.c
@@ -136,7 +136,8 @@ callback_raw_test(struct lws *wsi, enum lws_callback_reasons reason,
 		}
 		lwsl_notice("FIFO %s created\n", vhd->fifo_path);
 		u.filefd = vhd->fifo;
-		if (!lws_adopt_descriptor_vhost(vhd->vhost, 0, u,
+		if (!lws_adopt_descriptor_vhost(vhd->vhost,
+						LWS_ADOPT_RAW_FILE_DESC, u,
 						"protocol-lws-raw-test",
 						NULL)) {
 			lwsl_err("Failed to adopt fifo descriptor\n");
@@ -149,7 +150,7 @@ callback_raw_test(struct lws *wsi, enum lws_callback_reasons reason,
 	case LWS_CALLBACK_PROTOCOL_DESTROY:
 		if (!vhd)
 			break;
-		if (vhd->fifo >- 0) {
+		if (vhd->fifo >= 0) {
 			close(vhd->fifo);
 			unlink(vhd->fifo_path);
 		}