VILLASnode/common/lib/memory.cpp

/* Memory managment.
 *
 * Author: Daniel Krebs <github@daniel-krebs.net>
 * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014-2023 Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 */

#include <sys/mman.h>

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>

#include <villas/memory.hpp>

namespace villas {

std::unique_ptr<MemoryBlock, MemoryBlock::deallocator_fn>
HostRam::HostRamAllocator::allocateBlock(size_t size) {
  // Align to next bigger page size chunk
  if (size & size_t(0xFFF)) {
    size += size_t(0x1000);
    size &= size_t(~0xFFF);
  }

#if defined(__linux__) && !(defined(__arm__) || defined(__aarch64__))
  const int mmap_flags = MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_32BIT;
#else
  const int mmap_flags = MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS;
#endif
  const int mmap_protection = PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE;

  const void *addr = mmap(nullptr, size, mmap_protection, mmap_flags, 0, 0);
  if (addr == nullptr) {
    throw std::bad_alloc();
  }

  auto &mm = MemoryManager::get();

  // Assemble name for this block
  std::stringstream name;
  name << std::showbase << std::hex << reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(addr);

  auto blockAddrSpaceId = mm.getProcessAddressSpaceMemoryBlock(name.str());

  const auto localAddr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(addr);
  std::unique_ptr<MemoryBlock, MemoryBlock::deallocator_fn> mem(
      new MemoryBlock(localAddr, size, blockAddrSpaceId), this->free);

  insertMemoryBlock(*mem);

  return mem;
}

LinearAllocator::LinearAllocator(
    const MemoryManager::AddressSpaceId &memoryAddrSpaceId, size_t memorySize,
    size_t internalOffset)
    : BaseAllocator(memoryAddrSpaceId), nextFreeAddress(0),
      memorySize(memorySize), internalOffset(internalOffset),
      allocationCount(0) {
  // Make sure to start at aligned offset, reduce size in case we need padding
  if (const size_t paddingBytes = getAlignmentPadding(internalOffset)) {
    assert(paddingBytes < memorySize);

    internalOffset += paddingBytes;
    memorySize -= paddingBytes;
  }

  // Deallocation callback
  free = [&](MemoryBlock *mem) {
    logger->debug(
        "Deallocating memory block at local addr {:#x} (addr space {})",
        mem->getOffset(), mem->getAddrSpaceId());

    removeMemoryBlock(*mem);

    allocationCount--;
    if (allocationCount == 0) {
      logger->debug("All allocations are deallocated now, freeing memory");

      // All allocations have been deallocated, free all memory
      nextFreeAddress = 0;
    }

    logger->debug("Available memory: {:#x} bytes", getAvailableMemory());
  };
}

std::string LinearAllocator::getName() const {
  std::stringstream name;
  name << "LinearAlloc" << getAddrSpaceId();
  if (internalOffset != 0) {
    name << "@0x" << std::hex << internalOffset;
  }

  return name.str();
}

std::unique_ptr<MemoryBlock, MemoryBlock::deallocator_fn>
LinearAllocator::allocateBlock(size_t size) {
  if (size > getAvailableMemory()) {
    throw std::bad_alloc();
  }

  // Assign address
  const uintptr_t localAddr = nextFreeAddress + internalOffset;

  // Reserve memory
  nextFreeAddress += size;

  // Make sure it is aligned
  if (const size_t paddingBytes = getAlignmentPadding(nextFreeAddress)) {
    nextFreeAddress += paddingBytes;

    // If next free address is outside this block due to padding, cap it
    nextFreeAddress = std::min(nextFreeAddress, memorySize);
  }

  auto &mm = MemoryManager::get();

  // Assemble name for this block
  std::stringstream blockName;
  blockName << std::showbase << std::hex << localAddr;

  // Create address space
  auto addrSpaceName = mm.getSlaveAddrSpaceName(getName(), blockName.str());
  auto addrSpaceId = mm.getOrCreateAddressSpace(addrSpaceName);

  logger->debug("Allocated {:#x} bytes for {}, {:#x} bytes remaining", size,
                addrSpaceId, getAvailableMemory());

  std::unique_ptr<MemoryBlock, MemoryBlock::deallocator_fn> mem(
      new MemoryBlock(localAddr, size, addrSpaceId), this->free);

  // Mount block into the memory graph
  insertMemoryBlock(*mem);

  // Increase the allocation count
  allocationCount++;

  return mem;
}

HostRam::HostRamAllocator::HostRamAllocator()
    : BaseAllocator(MemoryManager::get().getProcessAddressSpace()) {
  free = [&](MemoryBlock *mem) {
    if (::munmap(reinterpret_cast<void *>(mem->getOffset()), mem->getSize()) !=
        0) {
      logger->warn("munmap() failed for {:#x} of size {:#x}", mem->getOffset(),
                   mem->getSize());
    }

    removeMemoryBlock(*mem);
  };
}

std::map<int, std::unique_ptr<HostDmaRam::HostDmaRamAllocator>>
    HostDmaRam::allocators;

HostDmaRam::HostDmaRamAllocator::HostDmaRamAllocator(int num)
    : LinearAllocator(
          MemoryManager::get().getOrCreateAddressSpace(getUdmaBufName(num)),
          getUdmaBufBufSize(num)),
      num(num) {
  auto &mm = MemoryManager::get();
  logger = Log::get(getName());

  if (getSize() == 0) {
    logger->error(
        "Zero-sized DMA buffer not supported, is the kernel module loaded?");
    throw std::bad_alloc();
  }

  const uintptr_t base = getUdmaBufPhysAddr(num);

  mm.createMapping(base, 0, getSize(), getName() + "-PCI",
                   mm.getPciAddressSpace(), getAddrSpaceId());

  const auto bufPath = std::string("/dev/") + getUdmaBufName(num);
  const int bufFd = open(bufPath.c_str(), O_RDWR | O_SYNC);
  if (bufFd != -1) {
    void *buf =
        mmap(nullptr, getSize(), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, bufFd, 0);
    close(bufFd);

    if (buf != MAP_FAILED)
      mm.createMapping(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(buf), 0, getSize(),
                       getName() + "-VA", mm.getProcessAddressSpace(),
                       getAddrSpaceId());
    else
      logger->warn("Cannot map {}", bufPath);
  } else
    logger->warn("Cannot open {}", bufPath);

  logger->info("Mapped {} of size {} bytes", bufPath, getSize());
}

HostDmaRam::HostDmaRamAllocator::~HostDmaRamAllocator() {
  auto &mm = MemoryManager::get();

  void *baseVirt;
  try {
    auto translation = mm.getTranslationFromProcess(getAddrSpaceId());
    baseVirt = reinterpret_cast<void *>(translation.getLocalAddr(0));
  } catch (const std::out_of_range &) {
    // Not mapped, nothing to do
    return;
  }

  logger->debug("Unmapping {}", getName());

  // Try to unmap it
  if (::munmap(baseVirt, getSize()) != 0) {
    logger->warn("munmap() failed for {:p} of size {:#x}", baseVirt, getSize());
  }
}

std::string HostDmaRam::getUdmaBufName(int num) {
  std::stringstream name;
  name << "udmabuf" << num;

  return name.str();
}

std::string HostDmaRam::getUdmaBufBasePath(int num) {
  std::stringstream path;
  path << "/sys/class/udmabuf/udmabuf" << num << "/";
  return path.str();
}

size_t HostDmaRam::getUdmaBufBufSize(int num) {
  std::fstream s(getUdmaBufBasePath(num) + "size", s.in);
  if (s.is_open()) {
    std::string line;
    if (std::getline(s, line)) {
      return std::strtoul(line.c_str(), nullptr, 10);
    }
  }

  return 0;
}

uintptr_t HostDmaRam::getUdmaBufPhysAddr(int num) {
  std::fstream s(getUdmaBufBasePath(num) + "phys_addr", s.in);
  if (s.is_open()) {
    std::string line;
    if (std::getline(s, line)) {
      return std::strtoul(line.c_str(), nullptr, 16);
    }
  }

  return UINTPTR_MAX;
}

HostDmaRam::HostDmaRamAllocator &HostDmaRam::getAllocator(int num) {
  auto &allocator = allocators[num];
  if (not allocator) {
    allocator = std::make_unique<HostDmaRamAllocator>(num);
  }

  return *allocator;
}

} // namespace villas